Kernel Space
- Higher part of the virtual memory address space.
- Contains the operating system kernel and its components (such as device drivers, file systems, and process management).
- Not directly accessible from a user process.
- Kernel code and data structures reside here.
- Handles privileged operations (e.g., hardware access, memory management, scheduling).
- Provides services to user processes via syscalls.
- Kernel stack is part of the kernel space and is used for handling interrupts and exceptions.
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